There are two major ways in which dark spots can be removed and skin can be whitened: first there is the bleaching procedure through which the tyrosinase (the enzyme triggering melanin) is inhibited and less melanin is produced, thus less dark pigment is released in the skin. The other possibility is through exfoliation. AHAs and BHAs are the most widely used substances for skin exfoliation. They loosen the connections between cells, thus allowing the dead skin to peel off and the new and healthy skin to be brought to surface.

Yet, most of the times, it is good to use more than one substance in order to achieve better results. For example, if you are thinking about using the bleaching system through inhibiting the action of the tyrosinase or of the melanocytes, using only hydroquinone may treat your problem, but if you combine it with other substances, such as Vitamin C or gluconic acid, the results will be even more visible and it will take less time for the dark spots to be completely removed from the skin. In addition to that, some of the bleaching products have also antioxidant properties, thus stopping the premature aging of the skin, while others have the property of retaining the moisture inside the layers of skin, thus preventing the skin dryness. These and other similar properties will help the skin recover faster after the bleaching treatment and will prevent the apparition of any side effects. This is why, when purchasing a skin whitening product look for those products which have as scope inhibiting all types of melanin production. Also, make sure that the products you purchase also have ingredients meant to protect your skin against dryness or powerful action of the active ingredients.